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Mysterious Mayan Underground Structure Found in Mexico


by William Spanov 

Archaeologists have discovered a previously mysterious underground structure while investigating an archaeological site of the ancient Maya in the state of Campeche, Mexico. The chamber had painted walls and was located underneath a sports field, used by the Maya for ball games.


The studied site is part of the Balam Kú nature reserve, an area covered by forest and covering 140 km². In the region, there are two known Mayan archaeological sites: Balamku, considered relatively small and little explored, and Calakmul, which was a large and powerful Mayan city on the Yucatán peninsula.
The studied site is part of the Balam Kú nature reserve, an area covered by forest and covering 140 km². In the region, there are two known Mayan archaeological sites: Balamku, considered relatively small and little explored, and Calakmul, which was a large and powerful Mayan city on the Yucatán peninsula.
It's likely that the site had some sort of significance, though, because the Mayans took the trouble to cover their walls with stucco (a type of mortar based on plaster and lime) and paint them.

In addition, the location is also suggestive: the structure was under a football field (or almost so). The Maya and other Mesoamerican peoples built these courts to play ball games, and the sport played a central role in pre-Hispanic culture. More than 1,000 such fields have been discovered, covering a period of 2,700 years. In addition to games, the sites were also used for religious rituals – including those involving human sacrifice. This, however, was less common.
The work was led by Slovenian archaeologist Ivan Šprajc and the information was released by Mexico's National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH).

Previously, the team had already analyzed the region using a technique known as Lidar, which uses laser beams to map archaeological sites in 3D. This research revealed multiple structures that are still unexplored in the state of Campeche.

In the fieldwork, archaeologists also found offerings left by ancient Maya, which included a sharp object, ceramic vessels, and a paw of an animal also made of pottery.
The curious thing is that these offerings were left there at the end of the post-classic period, formed by the last centuries before the Spanish invasion – more precisely, between 1250 and 1524. By this time, this region of the Mayan empire was already in broad decay, following crises of overpopulation, wars, and climate change that led to a deep population decline in the 9th and 10th centuries.

Even so, some people still inhabited the devastated and nearly abandoned region, probably in small groups – and apparently left offerings wherever they went.

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